Evaporative cooling air conditioning, also known as swamp cooling, works by converting water into vapour to cool the air. This process involves drawing warm air through water-soaked pads, where the air absorbs the water's heat and transforms it into cooler air. Unlike traditional air conditioning systems that rely on refrigerants, evaporative cooling systems are more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.

They work best in dry climates where humidity levels are low, making them a popular choice for residential and light commercial spaces seeking cost-effective cooling solutions.